METHODOLOGY AND PERSPECTIVES IN GEOLOGY

Unit I Geosciences- introduction to various branches - Physical Geology, Geomorphology, Mineralogy,Structural Geology,Petrology,Global tectonics,Palaeontology,Stratigraphy,Engineering Geology,Marine Geology,Geochemistry,Applied Geophysics, Geochemistry, Hydrogeology, Meteorology, Oceanography,RemoteSensing,EnvironmentalGeology, Disaster ManagementandEconomicGeology. Theconceptof rockcycle. (6Hrs) 

Unit II Theories of origin ofEarth. Earth - Shape,size, age androtation.Internalstructureof earth; crust,mantle, core; densityand chemicalcomposition;major seismic discontinuities. Basic Concepts ofGeologicalTime Scale. (6Hrs) 

Unit III Endogenicprocesses: Plate Tectonics. Continental drifthypothesis andSea floor spreading-evidences. Lithosphericplates,typesofplateboundaries, plate movements andassociatedgeological features,mid-oceanridges, rift valleys,trenches,transformfaults, islandarcs, volcanic arcs, Benioff zones, mantle plumes, aseismic ridges. Mountains-Typesand origin. Isostasy. (10 Hrs) 

UnitIV Volcanoesand theirclassification. Volcaniceruption- types,products,effects.Global distributionofvolcanoes. (6 Hrs) UnitV Earthquakes - types and causes,propagation ofseismic waves, focus and epicenter,elastic reboundtheory,seismographandseismogram.Intensityandmagnitude ofearthquakes,effectof earthquakes, seismicbeltsoftheworld,Earthquakehazardzonation ofIndia. (8 Hrs)