Solid State

The nature of the solid state – anisotropy –Forms of solids. Unit cells, crystal systems,
Bravais lattice types and identification of lattice planes. Laws of Crystallography – Law of
constancy of interfacial angles, Law of rational indices. Miller indices. X–Ray diffraction
by crystals, Bragg’s law.Bragg’s X-ray diffractometer method and powder pattern method.
Analysis of powder diffraction patterns of NaCl and KCl, density of cubic crystals.
Structure of ionic compounds of the type AX (NaCl, CsCl, ZnS) and AX2 (CaF2,
Na2O) Defects in crystals – stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric defects, extrinsic and
intrinsic defects. Electrical conductivity, semiconductors, n-type, p-type, Superconductivity –
An introduction.

Gaseous State

This course gives an overview of Postulates of Kinetic Theory of Gases and derivation of the kinetic gas equation.
Deviation of real gases from ideal behaviour, compressibility factor, causes ofdeviation. van
der Waals equation of state for real gases. Boyle temperature (derivation not required).
Critical phenomena and Andrews isotherms of CO2, critical constants and their
calculationfrom van der Waals equation.Virial equation of state, van der Waals equation
expressed in virial form.
Maxwell Boltzmann distribution laws of molecular velocities and molecular energies
(graphical representation – derivation not required) and their importance.
Temperaturedependence of these distributions. Most probable, average and rootmean square
velocities (no derivation).

FUNDAMENTALS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS